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mercredi 7 décembre 2011

islamic civilization

Read the text then do the activities:                                
     Islam was destined to become a world religion and to create a civilization which stretched from one end of the globe to the other. From the early Muslim caliphates times onwards, the Arabs, the Persians and later the Turks set about to create classical Islamic civilization. Soon, many parts, namely Africa and India became great centres of Islamic civilization and soon thereafter Muslim kingdoms were established in the Malay-Indonesian world while Chinese Muslims flourished throughout China.
     Islam is a religion for all people from whatever race or background they might be. Islamic civilization is based on unity which stands completely against any racial or ethnic discrimination. Such major racial and ethnic groups as the Arabs, Persians, Turks, Africans, Indians, Chinese, Malays and numerous smaller units embraced Islam and contributed to the building of Islamic civilization. Moreover, Islam was not opposed to learning from the earlier civilizations; on the contrary it incorporated their science, learning, and culture into its own world view, as long as they did not oppose the principles of Islam. Each ethnic and racial group which embraced Islam made its contribution to the one Islamic civilization to which everyone belonged. The sense of brotherhood and sisterhood was so much emphasized that it overcame all local attachments to a particular tribe, race, or language. Such a wonderful civilization permitted people of diverse ethnic backgrounds to work together in cultivating various arts and sciences. Although the civilization was profoundly Islamic, non-Muslim people participated in the intellectual activity whose fruits belonged to everyone.
     The Islamic civilization succeeded in activating the mind and thought of the people who entered its fold. Consequently, the nomadic Arabs became torch-bearers of science and learning. The Persians also produced much more science and learning in the Islamic period. The same can be said about the Turks and other peoples who embraced Islam. The religion of Islam was itself responsible not only for the creation of a world civilization in which people of many different ethnic backgrounds participated, but it played a central role in developing intellectual and cultural life.  For some more than eight hundred years Arabic remained the major intellectual and scientific language that contributed to the flowering of Islamic culture and thought. In fact many intellectual and cultural activities featured the daily life of the ruling Muslim dynasties.  Today this activity has begun a new in many parts of the Islamic world now that the Muslims have regained their political independence.

Section One:
A)    Reading and Interpreting (14.5 pts):

1-    Was Islam particular for specific regions and ethnic groups? (1 pt)
- …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2-    What did Islam bring to our civilization? (1pt)
- …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3-    What are the major changes that featured peoples' life after the rise of Islam? (1pt)
-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4-    Are the following statements true (t), false (f) or not mentioned (n)? ( 1 pts)               

T    F    N
 - Islam is universal religion that is destined to anyone in any place.           
 - The spread of Islam was very limited; it reached few parts of the world.           
 - Many ethnic groups contributed to the flourishing of Islamic civilisation.           
 - Intellectual growth resulted from the exchanges between many groups. .           

5-    Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following ones: (1.5 pt)
a) founded §1 = ………………..….    B) values §2 =……………….………..  c) chief §3= ……………….………..
6-    Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following ones: (1.5pt)
         a) declined§1# …………………    b) bigger §2# ………………………    c) failed§3 # ………………………  

B) Mastery of language:
I) Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as sentence (a):  (1.5pts)
a) He said:” is Islam a universal religion?”
b)  ………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………..………………………………
a) A student said: “What did the Persian contribute to the Islamic civilization?”
b) The student ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
a) Our cultural life had been modified by Islam after the spread of such a universal religion.
b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
II) Use the appropriate connector and the correct the tense of the verb: (3 pts)
1-    Muslims (to introduce) several economic and political changes. Muslim (to gain) power. (after)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………..
2-    The Arabs made great efforts to found a great empire. They could not achieve that easily. (although)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3-    They speak Persian too fast. She doesn’t understand them. (so...that)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
III) Put in much, many, a few, a little: (1.5 pts)
A: Hi, Barbara. Did you and Jim lose ……………….. trees in the storm?
B: Just one, the house is ok. We only lost ………………… windows.  How about you?
A: We did not have ………………….. problems either. We did not have …………………. time to shop before the storm, but thanks to the disaster kit, we had ………………… candles and ………………… food on hand.
IV) Classify the words according to their pronunciation of final /ed/: (1.5 pts)
Founded – vanished – reduced – permitted – changed

…………………    …………………….    …………………………

Section Two:  Written Expression (5.5pts)
 Complete the following dialogue using the main grammar points you have seen previously; make sure of your questions, tenses and so on.
A: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………..?
B: yes, I think that there are many civilizations that our world has witnessed.
A: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
B: Oh, Algeria was an important region; it was on the crossroads of ancient civilizations.
A: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
B: I know a lot about it. Timgad is a world heritage site.
A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
B: It is located about 35 km from the town Batna.
A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
B: It is famous for its ruins such as: Trojan’s arch and the Capitoline Temple.
A: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
B: I usually read books and other times watch documentaries about ancient civilizations.



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